Question

【題目】 Are you afraid of going to the dentist(牙醫(yī))? If so, you're not alone.

These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries(牙科手術(shù)). In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients，75％ reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.

Could it be the sound of the drill(鉆頭)then?

“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don’t have any pain. " Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian.

To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.

What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing(聽覺處理)， which means， for these people， the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds

In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated(激活)was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.

Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists ' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.

【1】How does the writer explain that the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries?

A. By showing facts with numbers.B. By asking questions one by one.

C. By giving examples group by group. D. By comparing results of patients.

【2】According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word "evoke” mean in Chinese?

A. 減輕B. 引起C. 顯示D. 阻止

【3】How did the sound of drilling produce different results to the volunteers in the study?

A. It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear group

B. For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memory

C. For the high-fear group, it caused more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing.

D. It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories.

【4】What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. How the study might be useful.

B. Some new ways to treat teeth

C. The proper way to treat dental patients.

D. The importance of keeping our teeth healthy.

【5】What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To show us different areas of fear in brains.

B. To introduce us a recent survey by a scientist.

C. To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist.

D. To make it clear that the sound of drilling is not terrible.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【5】B

【解析】

文章大意：你害怕去看牙醫(yī)嗎？英國曼徹斯特大學(xué)(Manchester University)教授馬丁蒂克爾(Martin Tickle)最近進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，在牙科手術(shù)中，大部分時(shí)間都感覺不到疼痛。東京日本牙科大學(xué)的科學(xué)家Hiroyuki Karibe告訴《衛(wèi)報(bào)》，他發(fā)現(xiàn)鉆孔的聲音能引起牙科病人深深的擔(dān)憂，事實(shí)上他們沒有任何疼痛。為了找出鉆牙可能導(dǎo)致心跳加速的原因，Karibe根據(jù)志愿者對(duì)牙醫(yī)的恐懼程度將他們分為低恐懼組和高恐懼組來進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，Karibe說，了解大腦是如何對(duì)牙醫(yī)的牙鉆聲做出反應(yīng)的，可以幫助科學(xué)家找到讓病人更放松的方法。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的信息In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients，75％ reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.可知，作者在解釋牙科手術(shù)中，疼痛并不是大多數(shù)時(shí)候都能感覺到的，是用數(shù)字來說明事實(shí)的，故答案選A。

【2】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文Actually they don’t have any pain.事實(shí)上他們沒有任何疼痛，結(jié)合本句I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients.我發(fā)現(xiàn)鉆孔的聲音能…牙科病人深深的擔(dān)憂。可知事實(shí)上他們沒有任何疼痛，但鉆孔的聲音能引起牙科病人深深的擔(dān)憂，所以此處表達(dá)的是“引起”，故答案選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的信息In the high-fear group,……they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.可知，在高恐懼組中，人們會(huì)想起他們過去不舒服的記憶，故答案選D。

【4】段意歸納題。根據(jù)Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists ' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed,可知，本段主要講述的是這項(xiàng)研究可能會(huì)有多大的用處，故答案選A。

【5】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家最近所做的試驗(yàn)，研究大腦是如何對(duì)牙醫(yī)的牙鉆聲做出反應(yīng)的，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知B選項(xiàng)“給我們介紹科學(xué)家最近做的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究�！狈�合題意，故答案選B。