Question

【題目】任務(wù)型閱讀
If you spend some time in an English-speaking country you might hear the term “etiquette”. It means normal and polite social behavior. This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.
Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However, if you do this in Europe，some people might feel uncomfortable. Even in China，we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine, but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example, most people would agree that talking loudly in a library, a museum or a movie theater is impolite. Even if you are with your friends, it is better to keep your voice down in public places.
If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions. One of the most polite ways is to ask someone，“Would you mind doing this” or “Would you mind not doing that”. People don't usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this.
Although rules of etiquette can often be different，some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask him，“Would you mind picking it up？”
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列任務(wù)。
（1）What does the word “etiquette” mean？(根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題)

（2）Find out the key sentence of Paragraph 2.(找出第二段的中心句)

（3）If your friend talks loudly in the library, what would you say to him/her？(根據(jù)你對短文 的理解，寫出一個委婉的建議)

（4）請將最后一段中的畫線句子譯成漢語。

（5）請給短文擬個標(biāo)題。

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）It means normal and polite social behavior.
（2）Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation.
（3）Would you mind keep your voice down (in public places)？/Would you mind not talking loudly？/ Would you mind talking or speaking in a low voice(in public places)？
（4）盡管禮節(jié)方面的規(guī)則常常會有所不同,但是有些規(guī)則在世界各地幾乎是相同的。
（5）Etiquette/Etiquette of rules.
【解析】短文大意：如果你花一些時間在一個說英語的國家，你可能會聽到“禮節(jié)” 這個詞。在每一種文化或情況的禮節(jié)是不一樣的。盡管禮節(jié)的規(guī)則往往是不同的，有些規(guī)則是相同的在世界各地！例如，亂扔垃圾是不允許的。如果你看到你認(rèn)識的人這樣做，你可以問他，“你介意把它撿起來？”
（1）短文第一段中，在第一次出現(xiàn)etiquette之后，即對這個詞作了解釋，即：It means normal and polite social behavior.
（2）一篇短文通常有一個主題。文章中的每一段通常有一個主題句，一般來說，這個主題句通常位于這一段的開頭。本段舉例論述了禮節(jié)并非在每種文化和每種情況下都相同，正好與本段第一句相吻合，故主題句應(yīng)是第一句。
（3）短文的第三段給出了兩個用于提建議的句型，即：Would you mind doing. . . ?和Would you mind not doing. . . ？如果你的朋友在圖書館等公共場所高聲講話，你可以用這兩個句型之一來建議他/她低聲講話或請他/她不要在公共場所高聲講話。
（4）本題考查英譯漢。答案不唯一，只要表達(dá)正確、通順，與參考答案意思相近即可。although意為“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；can表示推測，意為“可能”。
（5）本文的主題詞就是etiquette（禮節(jié)），整篇文章圍繞禮節(jié)及其規(guī)則展開，所以用Etiquette或Rules of Etiquette作為題目都可以。