8．Are some people born clever and others born stupid？Or is intelligence （智力） developed by our environment and our experience？Strangely enough，the answer to these questions is yes．In some degree，our intelligence is given to us at birth，and no education can make a genius （天才） out of a child born with low intelligence．On the other hand，a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in a rich environment．Therefore，the limits（限度） of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth，whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment．This point of view is now held by most experts．
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with．The closer the blood relationship between two people is，the closer their intelligence is likely to be．If we take two strangers by chance from the population，it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different．If，on the other hand，we compare two twins，they will very likely be as intelligent as each other．Relatives like brothers and sisters，parents and children，usually have similar intelligence，and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth．
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments．We might send one，for example，to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring．We would soon find differences in intelligence developing，and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important part．This result is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other，but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence．
52．How is man's intelligence given？A
A．At birth．
B．Through education．
C．Both at birth and through education．
D．Neither at birth nor through education．
53．What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory？B
A．The importance of their intelligence．
B．The role of environment on intelligence．
C．The importance of their jobs．
D．The part that birth plays．
54．What statement is TRUE according to the passage？D
A．No education can help make a genius．
B．Personality is as important as intelligence which was given to people at birth．
C．People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives．
D．Environment influences people in intelligence developing．
55．How does the writer make his idea clear？B
A．By giving explanation．
B．By giving an example．
C．By giving figures（數(shù)字）．
D．By giving suggestions．
分析 文章大意：這是一篇科普知識類閱讀，本文主要講述的是壞境和出生對智力起著重要的作用．一個人的智力的極限在出生時就被固定了，他是否達到這些極限取決于他的環(huán)境．現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)專家都持這種觀點．因此要讓孩子生活在一個豐富的環(huán)境對其智力提高有好處．
解答 52．答案：A．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段第三行and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth．這清楚地表明智力依賴于出生．可知，人的智力出生時就給定了．選A．
53．答案：B．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二行We would soon find differences in intelligence developing，and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important part．我們很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)智力發(fā)展的差異，這表明環(huán)境和出生起著重要的作用．可知，從兩個雙胞胎在大學和工廠兩個不同環(huán)境所表現(xiàn)出來的智力差異，可知，環(huán)境對智力的作用．選B．
54．答案：D．推理判斷題．根據(jù)第一行Or is intelligence （智力） developed by our environment and our experience？Strangely enough，the answer to these questions is yes．或者智力是由我們的環(huán)境和經(jīng)驗發(fā)展起來的？奇怪的是，這些問題的答案是肯定的．可知，環(huán)境影響人的智力的發(fā)展．選D．
55．答案：B．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)第二段第四行for example，to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring．例如，分別到一所大學和另一個無聊的工廠工作．可知，作者是通過舉例子來闡述他的觀點．選B．
點評 閱讀題型，要注重句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間邏輯關系以及對篇章的整體理解．根據(jù)所給問題選擇正確選項完成試題．
