Question

【題目】

Homeless people face a lot of challenges, such as not having enough to eat and no job opportunities. Some of the most basic challenges, however, are not having clean water and toiletries (衛(wèi)生用品) — a big problem for homeless teens. That encouraged a young researcher to invent a multi-purpose product to help these teens.

"I was born into a life of volunteering," said 13-year-old Leia Gluckman. And that’s true. Her mom is a president of an organization providing help for homeless teens. Leia and her brother have volunteered there for years. When she was a young girl, Leia helped serve food where teens were eating. Now she’s a teenager herself, and she’s managing the toiletry and clothing work there.

From her work at the center, Leia noticed that teens asked for some toiletries more than others. What they needed most often were toothpaste, body powder (粉) and shampoo (洗發(fā)水). Leia wondered whether she could create a product to serve all three purposes.

It would need to take away dirt and oil from skin and hair. It would need to clean teeth. Also, it would need to kill bacteria (病菌) without being harmful to people. She wanted her ingredients (產(chǎn)品成分) to be natural, to be able to break down easily and to taste and smell pleasant. Moreover, this product had to be low-cost and have a long shelf life.

Leia started by going to stores and looking at the ingredient lists for toiletries. Then she tried eight different ways. She tested each way to see how well it worked.

Not all of them worked well. But she finally decided on three. Each includes salt and baking powder. Salt helps clean teeth and skin; baking powder helps take in bad smells. She also has some other recipes which include some special materials that give her products different tastes and smells, which would let teens choose a product based on personal preferences.

It wasn’t easy, but Leia came up with some model products. She presented them at the finals of Broadcom MASTERS science competition.

Leia wants to develop her products further. "Could it possibly be used to drive away mosquitoes (蚊子)?" she wonders.

"Science offers a way to go about solving problems and helping people," says Leia. And she thinks her products could benefit a great number of people, not just the homeless. Anyone in an area with little or no chance to get clean water could find her products useful, maybe refugees (難民) and soldiers who are sent to places without running water.

【1】What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. Leia has lived a life of volunteering for years.

B. Leia and her brother helped their mom for years.

C. Leia was born in a great family of volunteering.

D. Leia’s mom set up an organization for homeless teens.

【2】Leia’s products meet homeless people’s needs mostly because ___________.

A. they are cheap and natural

B. they can offer personal choices

C. they are used to drive away mosquitoes

D. they can serve three purposes with little water

【3】According to the passage, we know that ___________.

A. Leia invented the product in order to win the MASTERS competition

B. Leia’s invention came from her will to create and to help others

C. The family influence played a decisive role in Leia’s invention

D. Leia believed that science could help solve problems easily

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

文章大意：本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀，屬于記敘文，主要講述了無家可歸者的個人衛(wèi)生狀況不佳，使得Leia發(fā)明了一個產(chǎn)品。文中詳細(xì)介紹了Leia發(fā)明產(chǎn)品的過程及對產(chǎn)品的展望。

【1】本題考查段落主旨。第二段第一句話說到“我一出生就和志愿者活動緊緊地聯(lián)系在一起。”本段第四、五句說到“Leia和她的哥哥已經(jīng)從事志愿者活動很多年了。當(dāng)她還是個小女孩的時候，她就在青少年吃飯的地方，幫助供應(yīng)食物。”本段主要講述的是小女孩的志愿者活動經(jīng)歷。選項A譯為“Leia已經(jīng)從事志愿者服務(wù)很多年。”B選項譯為“Leia和她的哥哥幫助媽媽很多年。”選項C譯為“Leia 出生在一個了不起的從事志愿者活動的家庭。”選項D譯為“Leia的媽媽建立了一個(幫助)無家可歸少年的組織。”選項B和選項C以偏概全，選項D主語是媽媽而不是Leia，故正確答案為選項A。

【2】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)題。題干說到“Leia的產(chǎn)品極大地滿足了無家可歸的人的需求，因為____。”通過product可以定位到文章第三段最后一句話“Leia想她是否能夠創(chuàng)造一個產(chǎn)品能夠滿足以上三個目的。”文章的最后一段第三句說到“幾乎沒有機會獲得干凈的水的任何人都能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)她的產(chǎn)品是有用的...”所以說Leia的產(chǎn)品可以用一點點水就能夠滿足三個需求。故正確答案為選項D。

【3】本題考查推斷題。讀完文章我們知道Leia是致力于志愿者活動，并且愿意幫助無家可歸甚至更多人解決缺水帶來的不便。選項A “Leia發(fā)明的產(chǎn)品是為了參加MASTERS競賽”。這與主旨不符。選項B “Leia的發(fā)明來自于創(chuàng)造和幫助他人的愿望。”與主旨相符。選項C“家庭影響在Leia的發(fā)明中扮演了決定性的角色。”本文主要突出的是Leia的創(chuàng)新，家庭影響并不起決定性作用。選項D“Leia 認(rèn)為科學(xué)能夠輕松的幫助解決問題。”在文章最后一段第一句“我們能夠看到科學(xué)提供了解決問題和幫助他人的方法。”但是并沒有提到“輕松地解決問題”。故正確答案為選項B。