8."Pictogram"is  compound word made from"picture"and"telegram".Pictograms are usually simple (71)pictures,and they are often made with letters and words.A pictogram is a symbol which represents an idea (72)oran object through an image(圖象).Also,it is a kind of communication system which must be learned but is very useful in our lives.The used must learn to see,(73)understandand remember the different pictogram symbols.There are 1.400different symbols (74)atthe present time.A Canadian named Subhas Maharaj came up with the idea for pictograms in the beginning of the 1980s.a(chǎn)t first,pictograms were introduced to help people (75)who/thathad disabilities in speaking,reading,or writing.Pictograms are images of objects that are(76)easyto see and create.Today,pictograms are used In many different ways.For example,there are traffic,recycling and (77)restaurantsigns,even animal symbols and so on.
      
Pictograms are (78)usuallyin white against a black background.2•1•c•n•j•y
The combination of white against a black background creates 2-1-c-n-j-y
extremely contrast(對(duì)比),and this makes pictograms friendlier
to users.A good example of a pictogram is the public
(79)toiletsymbols for"Men"and"Women",
just like the one on the left.Pictograms are a useful
method of communication,and people can have fun as they(80)learneach pictogram.

分析 這篇短文主要介紹了象形文字通常是簡(jiǎn)單的圖片,它們通常用字母和單詞表示.象形文字是一種符號(hào),代表一個(gè)思想或物體通過一個(gè)圖象.同樣,它是一種需要學(xué)習(xí)的交流系統(tǒng),但在我們的生活中是非常有用的.用戶必須學(xué)會(huì)看,理解和記住不同的象形符號(hào).

解答 71.答案:pictures;句意:象形文字通常是簡(jiǎn)單的圖片,他們通常用字母和單詞組成.根據(jù)句子的主語是復(fù)數(shù)和系動(dòng)詞are,可知表語也應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù),故填pictures.
72.答案:or;句意:象形文字是一種符號(hào),代表一個(gè)思想或穿過一個(gè)圖象的物體.根據(jù)an idea 與an object之間是選擇關(guān)系,故填or.
73.答案:understand;句意:用戶必須學(xué)會(huì)看,理解和記住不同的象形符號(hào).根據(jù)remember the different pictogram symbols.可知,是理解后,再記住不同的象形符號(hào),故用understand,因?yàn)榫渲杏衪o,用動(dòng)詞原形;故填understand.
74.答案:at;句意:目前有大約1400種不同的符號(hào).固定短語at present time在目前,故填at.
75.答案:who/that;句意:起初,象形圖被引進(jìn)來幫助那些說,讀,寫有障礙的人.根據(jù)句中信息,可知這里是定語從句,先行詞是people,指人,從句缺少的句子的主語,所以用關(guān)系詞who/that.故填who/that;
76.答案:easy;句意:象形圖是很容易看到的和容易創(chuàng)作的圖象.根據(jù)In many different ways.For example,there are traffic,recycling可知,在日常生活中很容易看見,故填easy.
77.答案:restaurant;句意:例如,有交通,回收和餐廳的標(biāo)志,甚至動(dòng)物符號(hào)等.根據(jù)圖畫A可知,那里的刀叉,代表的是餐廳,故填restaurant.
78.答案:usually;句意:象形文字通常是白色和黑色的背景.這里跟在系動(dòng)詞are的后面用頻率副詞通常,而且頻率很大,很少例外;不用often,應(yīng)該用usually;故填usually.
79.答案:toilet;根據(jù)句中symbols for"Men"and"Women"結(jié)合圖片,推測(cè)該空應(yīng)填toilet;句意:一個(gè)象形文字的一個(gè)很好的例子是公共廁所的符號(hào)為"男性"和"女性"就像左邊的那個(gè).故填toilet.
80.答案:learn;根據(jù)句中信息people can have fun,預(yù)測(cè)下句句意:當(dāng)他們學(xué)習(xí)每一個(gè)象形文字的時(shí)候;故填learn,學(xué)習(xí);根據(jù)前面用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填learn.

點(diǎn)評(píng) 解答該題要善于體會(huì)上下句的邏輯聯(lián)系,而且要有扎實(shí)的語言知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備和較大的詞匯量.

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