Question

【題目】 Look around and you’ll see people busy on their smartphones. Smartphones do make our lives easier. But have you ever thought about what they mean to your eyes?

According to a study, half of the British people own smartphones and they spend an average of two hours a day using them. There has been a 35% increase in the number of people in the UK who suffer from shortsightedness（近視）since smartphones were introduced there in 1997.

Staring at smartphones for a long time gives you dry eyes. When looking at something in the distance, your eyes automatically blink（眨眼）a certain number of times. However, when you look at things closer to your face, the blinking slows down. This reduces the amount of tears and causes discomfort in your eyes. Another bad habit is using smartphones in dark rooms before going to sleep. If you look at a bright screen while your pupils（瞳孔）become larger, too much light enters your eyes. This can do harm to the eyes and cause a disease called glaucoma.

While you’re probably not going to stop using your smartphone, there are a few things you can do to protect your eyes. Hold your phone far away from your eyes when using it. Take a break every hour and try the following: look at something at least five meters from you and then focus on the tip of your nose. Repeat this several times. It should reduce the discomfort in your eyes.

【1】According to a study, ________ of the British people don’t own smartphones.

A.35%B.50%C.65%D.25%

【2】The article is mainly about ________.

A.the rules to obey when using smartphones

B.the harm that smartphones do to users’ eyes

C.the reasons why teenagers get shortsightedness

D.the advantages and disadvantages of smartphones

【3】From Paragraph 2, we learn that ________.

A.half of the British people began to use smartphones 19 years ago

B.each of the British people spends two hours a day on smartphones

C.more British people have suffered from shortsightedness since 1997

D.the number of British people who own smartphones increases by 35%

【4】According to Paragraph 3, using smartphones improperly may cause ________.

A.too many blinksB.more tears in the eyesC.smaller pupilsD.dry eyes and glaucoma

【5】Which of the following is suggested by the writer?

A.Don’t use the phone for over an hour without a break.

B.Hold the phone at least half a metre away from the eyes.

C.Turn off your phone for a couple of hours every day.

D.Look at something green far away for several minutes.

【6】This article is written to advise people ________.

A.not to buy smartphonesB.to stop using smartphones

C.to make full use of smartphonesD.to use smartphones properly

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【5】A

【6】D

【解析】

這篇短文主要講述了使用智能手機(jī)的危害，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用智能手機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致眼睛干澀和青光眼，并告訴我們，連續(xù)使用手機(jī)不要超過(guò)1小時(shí)。

【1】推理判斷。根據(jù)文中“According to a study, half of the British people own smartphones”可知，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，一半的英國(guó)人擁有手機(jī)，可知50%的英國(guó)人沒(méi)有智能手機(jī)。故選B。

【2】主旨大意。the rules to obey when using smartphones使用智能手機(jī)時(shí)應(yīng)遵守的規(guī)則；the harm that smartphones do to users’ eyes智能手機(jī)對(duì)用戶(hù)眼睛的傷害；the reasons why teenagers get shortsightedness青少年近視的原因；the advantages and disadvantages of smartphones智能手機(jī)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)；根據(jù)文中“Smartphones do make our lives easier. But have you ever thought about what they mean to your eyes?” 但你想過(guò)它們對(duì)你的眼睛意味著什么嗎？及“Staring at smartphones for a long time gives you dry eyes.” 長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著智能手機(jī)會(huì)讓你眼睛干澀。可知，這篇短文主要講述了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用手機(jī)對(duì)眼睛有害。故選B。

【3】段落大意。根據(jù)文中“According to a study, half of the British people own smartphones and they spend an average of two hours a day using them. There has been a 35% increase in the number of people in the UK who suffer from shortsightedness（近視）since smartphones were introduced there in 1997.” 根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，一半的英國(guó)人擁有智能手機(jī)，他們平均每天花兩個(gè)小時(shí)使用智能手機(jī)。自1997年英國(guó)推出智能手機(jī)以來(lái)，患近視癥的人數(shù)增加了35%�？芍�，第二段主要講述了自1997年以來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的英國(guó)人患有近視。故選C。

【4】段落大意。根據(jù)文中“Staring at smartphones for a long time gives you dry eyes.” 長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著智能手機(jī)會(huì)讓你眼睛干澀。及“If you look at a bright screen while your pupils（瞳孔）become larger, too much light enters your eyes. This can do harm to the eyes and cause a disease called glaucoma.” 如果你看著一個(gè)明亮的屏幕，太多的光線(xiàn)進(jìn)入你的眼睛。這會(huì)對(duì)眼睛造成傷害并引起青光眼。可知，不正確使用智能手機(jī)可能導(dǎo)致干眼癥和青光眼。故選D。

【5】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)文中“Take a break every hour and try the following: look at something at least five meters from you and then focus on the tip of your nose.” 使用手機(jī)時(shí)，請(qǐng)將手機(jī)放在遠(yuǎn)離眼睛的地方。每小時(shí)休息一下�？芍�選項(xiàng)A“Don’t use the phone for over an hour without a break.”是正確的。故選A。

【6】主旨大意。not to buy smartphones不要買(mǎi)智能手機(jī)； to stop using smartphones停止使用智能手機(jī)；to make full use of smartphones充分利用智能手機(jī)；to use smartphones properly正確使用智能手機(jī)。通讀整篇短文可知，這篇短文主要講述了使用智能手機(jī)的危害，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間使用智能手機(jī)會(huì)導(dǎo)致眼睛干澀和青光眼，并告訴我們，連續(xù)使用手機(jī)不要超過(guò)1小時(shí)。故選D。

我們?cè)谧鲩喿x理解題時(shí)，就要明確初中閱讀理解考查的主要內(nèi)容，在此基礎(chǔ)上，快速閱讀全文，了解文章大意。在了解文章的基礎(chǔ)上，抓住首尾句；認(rèn)真仔細(xì)、逐步答題；平心靜氣，不急躁，仔細(xì)檢查，減少誤差。嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)，閱讀理解主要要求是：1.掌握閱讀主旨大意，用以說(shuō)明主旨大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)。2.既理解具體事實(shí)，也理解抽象的概念。3.既理解字面意思。也理解深層含義。包括作者的態(tài)度以及意圖等。如第1小題，考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文中“According to a study, half of the British people own smartphones”可知，根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，50%的英國(guó)人沒(méi)有智能手機(jī)。故選B。