分析 我們經(jīng)常贊美科學(xué)的世界.
它用科技解釋了世界,使我們的生活更便利.在科學(xué)界最令人興奮的領(lǐng)域之一是人工智能.在這個領(lǐng)域科學(xué)家正在創(chuàng)造能夠像人類一樣思考的機(jī)器.
然而,最著名的科學(xué)家之一對我們的這類技術(shù)有一個非常負(fù)面的警告.
"人工智能的發(fā)展可能會造成人類的終結(jié)"斯蒂芬•霍金教授對BBC說.
霍金是著名的英國科學(xué)家,是暢銷科學(xué)書《時間簡史》的作者.當(dāng)他使用特別為他制造的機(jī)器后說出這樣的警告.由于霍金患有一種稱為肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化的嚴(yán)重疾病,他需要一臺智能計算機(jī)的幫助來進(jìn)行溝通,智能計算機(jī)能夠知道霍金的想法并對他接下來可能要說的話給出建議.
這是一個基本的卻非常有價值的人工智能,但霍金害怕創(chuàng)造的這些技術(shù)具有匹配或超越人類智能的可能性.很容易想象這種事情發(fā)生后會多么的可怕.許多電視節(jié)目和電影展示了龐大的、比我們更加聰明的殺人機(jī)器."人類不能同這些機(jī)器抗衡,因為人類受到生物進(jìn)化的限制,而生物進(jìn)化是很緩慢的過程."霍金說.
你認(rèn)為人工智能在朝哪個方向發(fā)展?我們應(yīng)該充滿希望還是感到恐懼?
解答 42.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)It explains the world and makes our lives easier with technology.One of the most exciting fields in science is artificial intelligence (人工智能 AI).可知,科技幫助我們更好的理解這個世界,使我們的生活變得更加的便利,而AI屬于這種科技之一,因此AI能夠使我們的生活變得更加的便利,答案為A.
43.C.詞義猜測題.This的前面一段,提到As Hawking suffers from a serious disease called ALS,he needs an AI computer to communicate.The computer learns how Hawking thinks and suggests the words he may want to use next.也就是霍金需要這樣一臺計算機(jī)進(jìn)行交流,且這臺計算機(jī)具有人工智能,能夠知道霍金的思想,并為其將要說的話提出建議,而下文緊接著是This is a basic type of AI,which is very useful,因此這里的this起到承上啟下的作用,也就是指代的是霍金使用的這臺計算機(jī),它屬于人工智能,且非常的實用.所以答案為C;
44.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)As Hawking suffers from a serious disease called ALS,he needs an AI computer to communicate.The computer learns how Hawking thinks and suggests the words he may want to use next.可知,這臺計算機(jī)具有人工智能,而且能夠知道霍金的想法并對他接下來可能要說的話給出建議,從而引出霍金的話"Hawking is frightened of the possibility of creating technology that can match or surpass human intelligence.",即人工智能可能會與人類的智慧相匹敵甚至超越人類,從而引出人工智能可能會對我們造成威脅,因此答案為D.
45.B.文章主旨題.根據(jù)文章的開頭,作者敘述了人工智能的優(yōu)點,隨后就介紹了霍金對人工智能的擔(dān)憂,從而因此人們對于人工智能的擔(dān)憂,會不會造成人類的終結(jié)因為整篇文章并沒有對兩種說法給出明確的支持與否定,而是陳述事實,也就是提出人工智能是人類的朋友還是敵人的兩面.所以該題的答案為B.
點評 本文是一篇科普類文章.做題時要在理解好文意的基礎(chǔ)上,與題目有機(jī)的結(jié)合,從文章中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)性的句子與選項細(xì)細(xì)比對,進(jìn)行選擇或推理判斷,選出符合文章內(nèi)容的正確選項.做題注意靈活,有時可采用排除法或直選法確定出最終答案.
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