Shaking It Off

One day, a farmer’s donkey fell into a dry well(井). The poor animal cried for hours before his       finally found him. The farmer tried hard to pull him out from the well but failed. He felt       for the donkey but after carefully thinking about the situation, he       that he would save neither the donkey nor the well. Since the donkey was too       and it was not worth（值得） the trouble of saving. So he invited his neighbors to help him bury(埋葬) the old donkey in the __   so that it would make him end his pain.
     many people coming to help, the old donkey was excited at first. As they began to scoop the dirt into the well with shovels(鏟子), he soon       what was happening. He felt upset and cried sadly again. As the farmer and his neighbors continued throwing the dirt on his      , he suddenly had a good idea. Some time later, when the farmer finally looked down into the well, he was surprised at what he saw:     the dirt landed on his back, he would shake it off and take a step up!
Soon, everyone was amazed when the donkey stepped       over the edge of the well and ran away quickly! It seemed that it would       him at first, but it actually helped him later because of the manner in which he faced his adversity(逆境).
That is life! Just like the donkey, life is going to throw dirt on us, all kinds of dirt.     we face our problems in an active way, and refuse to       to any trouble, each dirt is like a stepping stone with which we get out of the deepest wells. This is a key       one of the secrets of life.     stop and never give up. Success is just in its way.
小題1:
A．neighborB．ownerC．relativeD．kid
小題2:
A．sorryB．luckyC．dangerousD．worried
小題3:
A．complainedB．decidedC．a(chǎn)greedD．meant
小題4:
A．strongB．tallC．oldD．poor
小題5:
A．waterB．holeC．wellD．house
小題6:
A．HeardB．HearingC．To hearD．Hears
小題7:
A．realizedB．rememberedC．discoveredD．found
小題8:
A．legB．stomachC．tailD．back
小題9:
A．a(chǎn)ny timeB．every timeC．one timeD．some time
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)ngrilyB．heavilyC．proudlyD．sadly
小題11:
A．saveB．botherC．fillD．bury
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)s soon asB．a(chǎn)s long asC．a(chǎn)s far asD．a(chǎn)s well as
小題13:
A．give upB．give outC．give inD．give off
小題14:
A．toB．ofC．onD．from
小題15:
A．AlwaysB．NeverC．SometimesD．Hardly

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:C
小題5:C
小題6:B
小題7:A
小題8:D
小題9:B
小題10:C
小題11:D
小題12:B
小題13:C
小題14:A
小題15:B

試題分析：這篇短文為我們講述了一個故事。一個農(nóng)民的驢掉進了一個干枯的井里，在經(jīng)過努力但是還是不能把它就出來之后，這個農(nóng)民放棄了，他覺得這頭驢已經(jīng)老了，沒什么用了，所以他想干脆就把它埋在井里。很多人過來幫忙，但是令人驚奇的是，他們?nèi)舆M井了的土不斷的被驢踩在腳下，這樣越來越高，最后這只驢竟然從井里出來了。作者通過這個故事告訴我們，生活中我們身處逆境的時候不要放棄，也許成功很快就會到來。
小題1:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：在它的主人發(fā)現(xiàn)它之前這只可憐的動物已經(jīng)叫了幾個小時。根據(jù)文章的第一句話，a farmer’s donkey ，一個農(nóng)民的驢，我們可以知道這頭驢是這個農(nóng)夫的，故農(nóng)夫是它的主人，owner 主人。neighbor 鄰居；relative 親戚；kid小孩。根據(jù)句意可知選B。
小題2:考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：但是在仔細的考慮了情勢之后，他為這頭驢感到抱歉。由下面的文意可知，農(nóng)夫打算放棄救這頭驢，所以應該是為它感到抱歉。sorry 抱歉；lucky 幸運的；dangerous 危險的；worried擔心的。根據(jù)文意可知選A。
小題3:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：但是在仔細的考慮了情勢之后，他不會救這頭驢，他為這頭驢感到抱歉。complain 抱怨；decide 決定；agree 同意；mean意思是。根據(jù)句意，在仔細考慮了情勢之后，他決定不救這頭驢。故選B。
小題4:考查形容詞及語境的理解。句意：因為這頭驢太老了，不值得費勁來救它。strong 強壯的；tall 高的；old 老的；poor窮的。根據(jù)文意可知，農(nóng)夫不打算救這頭驢，可見是這頭驢已經(jīng)老了，對農(nóng)夫來說已經(jīng)沒有什么用處了，所以才會不救它。故選C。
小題5:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：所以他就請他的鄰居幫忙把這頭驢埋在井里來結(jié)束它的痛苦。根據(jù)文章的開頭我們可以知道這頭驢是掉進了井里，故這里農(nóng)夫就打算直接將它埋在里面。water 水；hole洞；well 井；house房子。根據(jù)文意可知選C。
小題6:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：聽到很多人來救它，這頭老驢開始很興奮。hear 聽見。這里用的是它的ing形式，在句中做時間狀語，并且它與該句的主語the old donkey 構(gòu)成主動的關(guān)系。故選B。
小題7:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：當他們開始用鏟子往井里扔土的時候，它意識到發(fā)生了什么。realize 意識到；remember 記得；discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)；find 發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到。根據(jù)文意，開始驢以為人們是來救它的，但是后來它意識到并不是這樣。故選A。
小題8:考查名詞及語境的理解。句意：在農(nóng)夫和他的鄰居們繼續(xù)往它的背上扔土的時候，它突然有了一個好主意。根據(jù)文意我們可知這頭驢是在井里，農(nóng)夫和鄰居在井的外面，故他們?nèi)酉聛淼耐習湓隗H的背上。由下文44空the dirt landed on his back也可知道。leg 腿；stomach 肚子，胃；tail 尾巴；back 背。故選D。
小題9:考查連詞及語境的理解。句意：每次土落在它的背上的時候，它都會把它搖晃下來，踩在腳下，向上走一步。every time 每次…的時候，引導時間狀語從句。any time 任何時間；one time 一次；some time 一段時間，均不符合句意。故選B。
小題10:考查副詞及語境的理解。句意：很快，當驢自豪的走出井的邊緣并且快速逃跑的時候，每個人都感到很驚訝。angrily 生氣地；heavily 重地；proudly 自豪地；sadly傷心地。這里驢拼著自己的智慧最終從井里出來了，所以應是自豪地。故選C。
小題11:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：開始的時候好像土會埋葬它，但是事實上土卻幫助了它。save 救；bother 打擾；fill 裝滿；bury埋葬。根據(jù)文章的開頭，農(nóng)夫和他的鄰居打算用土把驢埋在井里。故選D。
小題12:考查連詞及語境的理解。句意：只要我們積極的面對我們的問題…。as soon as 一…就…；as long as 只要，引導條件狀語從句；as far as 遠到…，和…一樣遠；as well as和…一樣好。根據(jù)句意可知選B。
小題13:考查動詞及語境的理解。句意：只要我們積極的面對我們的問題，拒絕向任何困難屈服，每一堆土都像是讓我們從深井里爬出來的墊腳石。give up 放棄；give out 分發(fā)，筋疲力盡；give in 屈服，讓步；give off發(fā)出。根據(jù)句意可知不向困難屈服，故選C。
小題14:考查介詞及語境的理解。句意：這就是生活的秘訣之一。key 鑰匙，答案，關(guān)鍵。與它搭配的介詞應該是to ,故選A。
小題15:考查副詞及語境的理解。句意：永不停止，永不放棄，成功很快就會到來。never 永不，從不，表達否定的意思。always 總是；sometimes 有時候。hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)句意可知選B。
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Assertiveness is the ability to confidently express your opinions, feelings,attitudes, and rights, in a way that doesn't infringe（侵犯） the rights of others.
Many of us are taught that it is not nice to consider our own needs above those of others. If someone says or does something that we don't like, we should just be quiet and try to stay away from that person in the future.
Why is Assertiveness important?
If you don't know how to be assertive, you might experience:
?Depression - Anger, a sense of being helpless, hopeless, or of having no　control over your life.
?Resentment - Anger at others for taking advantage of you.
?Frustration - Why did I allow that to happen?
Most people find it easier to be assertive in some situations than in others. This　makes perfect sense. It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with　someone you love. But the more important the relationship is to you, the more�。椋恚穑铮颍簦幔睿� it is to be assertive. Assertive behavior leads to increased respect from others！
But before you decide to act assertively, you have to decide if you can live
with the results. Although assertive behavior usually will result in a positive
response  (積極的回應)，some people 　might react differently.
How to be effectively（有效地） assertive:
?Use "I" statements. Keep the focus on the problem you're having. "I'd like to be able to tell my stories without interruption." instead of "You're always interrupting my stories ! "
?Use facts, not opinions. "Did you know that shirt has a hole?" instead of　"You're not going out looking like THAT, are you?"
?Express ownership of your thoughts, feelings, and opinions. "I get angry when he breaks his promises. " instead of "He makes me angry. "
? Make clear and direct requirements. Don't invite the person to say no. "Will  you please?" instead of　'Would you mind．．．?" or "Why don't you．．．?"
?Keep repeating your point. Use a low level and pleasant voice. Don't try to explain yourself.
小題1:The writer probably agrees that­­­____________.
A．you should consider others' response before you act assertively
B．you should be assertive if you want to get good marks
C．a(chǎn)ssertiveness is the ability to infringe others' rights.
D．a(chǎn)ssertive behavior will bring you bad feelings
小題2:The expression "hold yourｇround" probably means “_________________”
A．reach an agreement
B．insist on your point
C．keep your word
D．keep on fighting
小題3:Which of the following helps you to be effectively assertive?
A．Explaining yourself in a soft and sweet voice.
B．Expressing ownership of others' thoughts.
C．Making requirements directly and clearly.
D．Using your opinions instead of facts.

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