【題目】通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出一個(gè)最佳答案。
A Festival for the dead is held once a year in Japan.This is a traditional festival in Japan and many celebrations are held.This festival is a cheerful occasion (場(chǎng)合), for ______ this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are ______ by the living.______ they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is laid out for them.Speciallymade lanterns ______ outside each house to help the dead to find their way.All night long, people dance and sing.In the early morning, the food that ______ out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered ______ for anyone living to eat it.In towns that are near the sea, the small lanterns which had been hung in the streets the night before are placed into the water when the festival is over.
Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea ______ the dead on their return journey to ______ world.It is moving, for crowds of people stand on the shore watching the lanterns ______ away ______ they can be seen no more.
【1】A. in B. on C. at D. /
【2】A. hated B. frightened C. welcomed D. guided
【3】A. When B. While C. As D. So
【4】A. are hung B. are hanged C. hung D. hanged
【5】A. laid B. has been laid C. was laid D. laying
【6】A. dirty B. untidy C. unlucky D. tasty
【7】A. guiding B. guided C. guide D. guides
【8】A. another B. other C. others D. the other
【9】A. drifted B. drift C. drifting D. to drift
【10】A. after B. when C. before D. until
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】C
【4】A
【5】B
【6】C
【7】A
【8】D
【9】C
【10】D
【解析】
本文講述了日本的死者節(jié)。這是日本的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,并且舉行許多慶祝活動(dòng)。這個(gè)節(jié)日是一個(gè)歡樂(lè)的時(shí)刻,因?yàn)閾?jù)說(shuō)在這一天,死者會(huì)返回家園,他們受到活者的歡迎。因?yàn)樵谒麄兟L(zhǎng)的旅途中,他們預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)餓,人們?yōu)樗麄儨?zhǔn)備食物。特制的燈籠掛在每個(gè)房子外面,幫助死者找到他們的路。人們整夜跳舞唱歌。在清晨,為死者準(zhǔn)備的食物會(huì)被扔進(jìn)河里或海里。在靠近海的城鎮(zhèn),當(dāng)節(jié)日結(jié)束時(shí),那些前一天晚上掛在街上的小燈籠被放入水中。數(shù)以千計(jì)的燈籠緩緩地漂向大海,引導(dǎo)死者返回另一個(gè)世界。成群的站在岸上的人看著燈籠漂走,直到看不見(jiàn)為止。
【1】句意:這個(gè)節(jié)日是一個(gè)歡樂(lè)的時(shí)刻,因?yàn)樵谶@一天,據(jù)說(shuō)死者會(huì)回到他們的家,他們受到生者的歡迎。A. in在較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間用in;B. on 在具體某一天或某一天上午,下午或晚上用on;C. at在幾點(diǎn)幾分用at;D. /。本句中this day是在具體的一天,故用on,選B。
【2】句意:這個(gè)節(jié)日是一個(gè)歡樂(lè)的時(shí)刻,因?yàn)樵谶@一天,據(jù)說(shuō)死者會(huì)回到他們的家,他們受到生者的歡迎?疾閯(dòng)詞辨析。A. hated討厭,憎恨;B. frightened嚇唬,驚嚇,害怕;C. welcomed歡迎;D. guided指導(dǎo),指引,引路。結(jié)合句意和語(yǔ)境可知選C。
【3】句意:因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)陂L(zhǎng)途旅行之后預(yù)計(jì)餓了,所以就為他們準(zhǔn)備好食物。考查連詞辨析。A. When當(dāng)…時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般主句用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)從句用一般時(shí)態(tài);B. While當(dāng)….時(shí)候,引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);C. As 因?yàn),隨著,當(dāng)…時(shí);D. So因此。第一個(gè)句子表示原因,可知填as,選C。
【4】句意:特別的燈籠掛在屋外,幫助死者找到他們的路?疾閯(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。A. are hung (被)懸掛;B. are hanged(被)絞死;C. hung懸掛,一般過(guò)去時(shí);D. hanged絞死,一般過(guò)去時(shí)。本文講述日本的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗,本文時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),燈籠是由人懸掛的,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),結(jié)合句意可知選A。
【5】句意:清晨,為死者準(zhǔn)備的食物被扔進(jìn)河里或海里,因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為活著的人吃掉這些食物是不吉利的。考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。短語(yǔ)lay out擺放,陳設(shè);A. laid一般過(guò)去式, B. has been laid現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);C. was laid一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);D. laying非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知過(guò)去擺放對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),food是動(dòng)詞的受動(dòng)者,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故此句用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),選B。
【6】句意:清晨,為死者準(zhǔn)備的食物被扔進(jìn)河里或海里,因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為活著的人吃掉這些食物是不吉利的。考查形容詞辨析。A. dirty臟的;B. untidy 不整潔的;C. unlucky不吉利的;D. tasty美味的。根據(jù)前文把食物扔進(jìn)河里或海里,可知是不吉利的,結(jié)合句意和語(yǔ)境可知選C。
【7】句意:數(shù)以千計(jì)的燈籠緩緩漂向大海,引導(dǎo)死者返回另一個(gè)世界?疾閯(dòng)詞形式。A. guiding指引,指導(dǎo),現(xiàn)在分詞;B. guided指導(dǎo),指引,一般過(guò)去時(shí);C. guide指導(dǎo),指引;D. guides指導(dǎo),指引,三單形式。本句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是drift out,故用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,排除B,C和D,本句是現(xiàn)在分詞作目的狀語(yǔ);故選A。
【8】句意:數(shù)以千計(jì)的燈籠緩緩漂向大海,引導(dǎo)死者返回另一個(gè)世界。考查不定代詞。A. another又一個(gè),另一個(gè),指三個(gè)或以上,形容詞或代詞;B. other其他的,形容詞;C. others 其他的,代詞,相當(dāng)于other+名詞;D. the other后面跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),意思是另一個(gè)的…,形容詞,跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,意思是剩余的…,也可作代詞,指另一個(gè),常和one連用,one…the other:(兩個(gè)中)一個(gè)…另一個(gè)…。根據(jù)意思可知有兩個(gè)世界,一個(gè)活人的,另一個(gè)死人的;可知填the other,選D。
【9】句意:它正在移動(dòng),因?yàn)槌扇旱娜苏驹诎哆吙粗鵁艋\漂流,直到他們?cè)僖部床灰?jiàn)了。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)watch sb. do sth.:觀看某人做過(guò)某事,觀看某人經(jīng)常做某事;watch sb. doing sth.:觀看某人正在做某事;本句意思是看著燈籠正飄向大海深處;故drifting;選C。
【10】句意:它很感人,因?yàn)槌扇赫驹诎哆叺娜丝粗鵁艋\漂流,直到他們?cè)僖部床灰?jiàn)了?疾檫B詞。A. after在…以后;B. when當(dāng)…時(shí)候;C. before在…以前;D. until直到…。根據(jù)句意可知“成群的人站在岸邊看著燈籠漂流,直到他們?cè)僖部床灰?jiàn)了。”可知選D。
完形填空是一卷難度最大的題。它集閱讀理解、語(yǔ)法、詞法、句法于一體。是考查語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用的能力的一道題。 解題的方法第一要帶著空,通讀文章,搞清事件發(fā)生的背景。(1)考查詞義辨析:名詞辨析,形容詞副詞辨析,冠詞辨析,介詞連詞辨析等,做此類(lèi)型題時(shí),要知道每一個(gè)詞的意義,然后結(jié)合上下文背景語(yǔ)境,選擇適合語(yǔ)境的選項(xiàng)。(2)考查句子時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,選擇正確的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的選項(xiàng)。(3)考查從句(賓語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句等),結(jié)合句意和語(yǔ)境作出正確的選擇。(4)根據(jù)固定句型或短語(yǔ)結(jié)合語(yǔ)境選擇正確的選項(xiàng)。
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