Most of us are used to seasons. Each year, spring follows winter, which follows autumn, which follows summer, which follows spring. And winter is colder than summer. But the earth goes through temperature cycles over much longer periods than those that we experience. Between 65,000 and 35,000 years ago, the planet was much colder than it is now. During that time the temperature also changed a lot, with periods of warming and cooling. Ice melted during the warm periods, which made sea levels rise. Water froze again during the cold periods.
A new study from Switzerland, sheds light on where ice sheets melted during the ice age. It now seems that the ice melted at both ends of the earth, rather than just in either northern or southern regions.
This surprised the researchers from the University of Bern. Scientists have long assumed that most of the ice that melted was in the Northern hemisphere(半球) during the 30,000-year long ice age. That belief was held because the North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by the Antarctic Ocean. It is easier for ice sheets to grow on land. If surrounded by sea the ice can easily just slip into the ocean instead of building up.
The researchers used a computer model to look at ways the ice could melt and how it might affect sea levels. They compared these results to evidence of how temperatures and currents actually changed during that time. The model showed that if it was only in the Northern hemisphere that ice melted, there would have been a bigger impact(影響) on ocean currents(洋流) and sea temperatures than what actually happened. Studies suggest that melting just in the Southern hemisphere would have been impossible, too. The only reasonable conclusion, the scientists could make, was that ice melted equally in the North and the South.
It is still a mystery as to what caused the temperature changes that caused the ice to melt.
小題1:The North Pole is surrounded by land, while the South Pole is surrounded by the Antarctic Ocean. So scientists thought that ________.
A．most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere
B．most of the ice melted in the Southern hemisphere
C．The North Pole is colder than South Pole
D．The South Pole is colder than North Pole
小題2:We can infer from the passage ________.
A．the ice can easily just slip into the ocean
B．volcanoes caused the ice to melt
C．melting just in the Northern hemisphere would have been impossible
D．researchers often use the computer models help their research work.
小題3:The scientists are not sure ________.
A．how long the ice age lasted
B．where ice sheets melted during the ice age
C．what caused the temperature changes
D．what the earth is made up of
小題4:Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．A computer model
B．Studies show ice melted equally in the North and the South during the ice age
C．Most of the ice melted in the Northern hemisphere during the 30,000-year long ice age.
D．A survey result

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:C
小題4:B

小題1: A 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第 3 段第 2,3 句 Scientists have long assumed that most of the ice that melted was in the Northern hemisphere during the 30,000-year long ice age. That belief was held because the North Pole is surrounded by land… 可知答案。
小題2: C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第 4 段最后兩句可 Studies suggest that melting just in the Southern hemisphere would have been impossible, too. The only reasonable conclusion… 可知冰川既不可能只在南半球融化，也不可能只在北半球融化。故答案為 C。
小題3: C 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句 It is still a mystery as to what caused the temperature changes that caused the ice to melt 可知科學家們現(xiàn)在還沒有找到引起溫度變化的原因。
【小題4 】B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)主題句 ice melted equally in the North and the South 可知本文主要講的一個新的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)：冰川時期的冰川融化是在南北極均勻進行的。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime “business hours” are now open late into the night. And on the Internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant （不相關(guān)的）. A half century ago in the United States, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. Today the boundaries still exist, but they seem not clear.
The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer does. It used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should become more “flexible,” is often debated. How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of  time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?
These are not easy questions even to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the “l(fā)aw of time” even when we meet it face to face. We know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of years—but unless we meet the truant officer （學監(jiān)）, we may well think that we should go to school due to social custom and parents’ demand rather than to the law. As adults we are familiar with “extra pay for overtime working,” but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes （構(gòu)成）“overtime” is a matter of legal definition. When we turn the clock forward to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves: “Here is the law in action”? As we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsory education law, overtime law, and daylight-saving law — as well as law about Sunday closing, holidays, being late to work, time zones, and so on. Once we begin to look for it, we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess.
小題1:By saying “Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be”, the writer means that_____ .
A．work time is equal to rest time
B．many people have a day off on Monday
C．it is hard for people to decide when to rest
D．the line between work time and rest time is unclear
小題2:The author raises the questions in Paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people
A．fail to make full use of their timeB．enjoy working overtime for extra pay
C．a(chǎn)re unaware of the law of timeD．welcome flexible working hours
小題3:According to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they ______.
A．need to acquire knowledgeB．have to obey their parents
C．need to find companionsD．have to observe the law
小題4:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Our life is governed by the law of time.
B．How to organize time is not worth debating.
C．New ways of using time change our society.
D．Our time schedule is decided by social customs.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Rumour（謠言）is the most primitive way of spreading stories--- by passing them on from mouth to mouth. but civilized countries in normal times have better sources  of news than rumour. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of confusion（混亂）, however, rumour appears and becomes widespread. At such times the different kinds of news are in competition: the press, television, and radio against the grapevine.
Especially do rumours spread when war requires control on many important matters. The normal news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people can not learn through legal channels all that they are anxious to learn, they pick up "news" wherever they can and when this happens, rumour grows.
Rumours are often repeated even by those who do not believe the tales. There is an interest about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumour gives expression to something  deep in the hearts of the victims --- the fears, doubts, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to voice directly. Pessimistic（悲觀的）rumours about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are worried and anxious .Optimistic rumours about record production or peace soon coming point to self- satisfaction or confidence---and often to over- confidence.
小題1:The author suggests that, in times of confusion, man often __________.
A．stops regular news services
B．turns to primitive ways for support
C．distrusts his fellow man
D．loses complete control of himself
小題2:The underlined word "grapevine" in Paragraph 1 probably means "__________”.
A．rumourB．newspaper C．informationD．time
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A．false informationB．optimistic reports
C．limited informationD．pessimistic reports
小題4:Which of the following statements is mentioned as a reason for people to repeat a rumour?
A．They are too willing to believe.
B．They take an interest in rumour.
C．They have a strong desire to make a fool of other people.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被動地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(謠言).
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上標記）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
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A．doing a medical experimentB．solving a math problem
C．visiting an exhibitionD．doing scientific reasoning
小題2:The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A．a(chǎn)ctive learningB．knowledge C．communicationD．passive learning
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A．a(chǎn) message may be changed when being passed on
B．a(chǎn) message should be delivered in different ways
C．people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D．people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
小題4:What can we infer from the passage?
A．Active learning is less important.B．Passive learning may not be reliable.
C．Active learning occurs more frequently.
D．Passive learning is not found among scholars.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(劇增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.
The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
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A．defyB．signalC．suffer fromD．result from
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A．men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B．more women would get married to seek financial security
C．even working women would worry about their marriages
D．more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
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A．they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B．their husbands are expected to do more housework
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A．they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B．they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
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D．they tend to suspect their husbands? loyalty to their marriage
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A．The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.
B．Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In meditation(冥想)，people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath .As they breathe in and out ,they attend to their feelings .As thoughts go through their minds. They let them go. Breathe .Let go .Breathe .Let go .
According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre,Massachusetts. Three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a market change in how the brain allocates(分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli( 刺激),like facial expressions.
The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice, everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain. It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.
In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day .A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period .Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers , their brain activity was recorded.
Everyone could catch the first number .But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number .Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number .as if letting it go ,which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number ,This shows that attention can change with practice.
Just ask Daniel Levision , who meditated for three months as part of the study .”I am a much better listener,” he said . “ I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying.”
小題1: The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to  __________  .
A． feelingsB．mindsC．peopleD．thoughts
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A．a(chǎn)re given less pressure
B．a(chǎn)llocate their attention better
C．have more stimuli for life
D．practice them more frequently
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A．were more likely to catch both of the members
B．were used to memorizing numbers in groups
C．usually ignored the first number observed
D．paid more attention to numbers than to letters
小題4: The study proves that     _____ .
A．meditation improves one’s health
B．brain activity can be recorded
C．human attention can be trained
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts say the ___1___ is to make jobs more varied(多樣的). But do more varied jobs ___2___ greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that ___3___variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it doesn’t ___4___ make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then, ___5___ is not an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker___6___ to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The ___7___ is that this kind of freedom can’t easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated(復雜的) machinery which must be used in a ___8___ way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to ___9___ it.
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To what___16___ does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is ___17___. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. ___18___ just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A ___19___ argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we ___20___ making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1. A. answer   B. course C. attempt      D. system
2. A. run across      B. lead to       C. result from D. pick up
3. A. because  B. as       C. while  D. as though
4. A. mentally B. physically   C. carefully    D. actually
5. A. variety   B. relaxation C. creativity    D. machinery
6. A. judgement     B. freedom     C. direction    D. comfort
7. A. secret     B. skill    C. problem     D. strength
8. A. amusing B. dull    C. changeable D. fixed
9. A. use  B. create  C. supply D. fear
10. A. measure       B. invention    C. consideration     D. work
11. A. lies       B. sticks  C. objects       D. contributes
12. A. likes     B. equips C. transports   D. sees
13. A. tired     B. pleased      C. worrying       D. experimenting
14. A. own     B. will    C. line     D. hand
15. A. but       B. and     C. so       D. however
16. A. extent   B. quality       C. store   D. difference
17. A. natural  B. important   C. worrying    D. unbelievable
18. A. Rest     B. Sports C. Money       D. Playing
19. A. complete      B. friendly      C. given  D. similar
20. A. advise   B. succeed in  C. object to     D. are tried of

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Increasingly, Americans are becoming their own doctors, by going online to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from Internet pharmacies(藥店). Some avoid doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance. Or they may stay because they find it embarrassing to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. Patients may also fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicians because of negative experiences in the past. But playing doctor can also be a deadly game.  
Every day, more than six million Americans turn to the Internet for medical answers – most of them aren’t nearly skeptical enough of what they find. A 2002 survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 72 percent of those surveyed believe all or most of what they read on health websites. They shouldn’t. Look up “headache”, and the chances of finding reliable and complete information, free from a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten, reports an April 2005 Brown Medical School study. Of the 169 websites the researchers rated, only 16 scored as “high quality”. Recent studies found faulty facts about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to warn that a large amount of incomplete, inaccurate and even dangerous information exists on the Internet.
The problem is most people don’t know the safe way to surf the Web. “They use a search engine like Google, get 18 trillion choices and start clicking. But that’s risky, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative(權(quán)威的), so it’d hard to know if what you’re reading is reasonable or not,” says Dr. Sarah Bass from the National Cancer Institute.
小題1:According to the text, an increasing number of American _____.
A．a(chǎn)re suffering from mental disorders
B．turn to Internet pharmacies for help
C．like to play deadly games with doctors
D．a(chǎn)re skeptical about surfing medical websites
小題2:Some Americans stay away from doctors because they _____.
A．find medical devices easy to operate
B．prefer to be diagnosed online by doctors
C．a(chǎn)re afraid to face the truth of their health
D．a(chǎn)re afraid to misuse their health insurance
小題3:According to the study of Brown Medical School, ______.
A．more than 6 million Americans distrust doctors
B．only 1/10 of medical websites aim to make a profit
C．a(chǎn)bout 1/10 of the websites surveyed are of high quality
D．72% of health websites offer incomplete and faulty facts
小題4:Which of the following is the author’s main argument?
A．It’s cheap to self-treat your own illness.
B．It’s embarrassing to discuss your bad habits.
C．It’s reasonable to put up a medical website.
D．It’s dangerous to be your own doctor.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need spend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk. No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their first efforts, most keep on trying, determined to master their amazing new skill. It is only several years later, many psychologists and teachers agree, that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed. For the parents of such kids, whose own ambition is often tied to their children’s success, it can be a painful experience.
Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step. Assuming that a kid doesn’t suffer from a learning disability, or isn’t involved in some family crisis(危機) at home, many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or classmate pressure. “Everything is within the kids’ control; their intelligence is changeable,” says Lisa Blackwell, a research scientist at Columbia University. More than any teacher or workshop, Blackwell says, “parents can play a key role in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort, and progress rather than emphasizing their ‘smartness’ or praising high performance alone. Most of all, parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”
Some experts say our education system, with its strong emphasis on testing and separation of students into different levels of ability, also bears blame for the disappearance of drive in some kids. “These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who aren’t considered gifted and talented. They destroy their confidence,” says Jeff Howard, a social psychologist. Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids to a world beyond homework and tests, through volunteer work, sports, hobbies and other extracurriculum activities.
“The problem of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,” says Michael Nakkual, a Harvard education professor. The key to getting kids to aim higher at school is to free them of the idea that class work is irrelevant, to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it. They need to understand that you have to learn to walk before you can run.
46．According to the passage, the parents of kids with no ambition        .
A．don’t do a very good job teaching them to walk
B．a(chǎn)re to blame if the kids do poorly in school
C．feel pain because ambitions are connected to their success
D．should take part in extracurriculum activities with kids
47．The underlined part “the fire went out” probably means        .
A．the motivation was suddenly lost
B．the fear of failure was suddenly gone
C．the learning disability was suddenly lost
D．the fire was suddenly gone
48．All the following can contribute to a sudden lack of ambition except        .
A．learning disability                                      B．classmate pressure
C．emphasis on testing                                    D．extracurricular activities
49．What is the most important thing for parents in motivating their kids?
A．By punishing kids who don’t display ambition.
B．By emphasizing smartness and high performance.
C．By telling kids that mistakes are a part of learning.
D．By praising the effort and progress they have made.
50．We can infer from the passage that        .
A．children who have lost their ambition will never succeed in life
B．school performance has much to do with students’ later success
C．both the parents and the school are to blame for the lost ambition
D．younger kids learning to walk are more ambitious than older ones

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