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如圖16,在平面直角坐標系中,直線軸交于點,與軸交于點,拋物線經過三點.

(1)求過三點拋物線的解析式并求出頂點的坐標;

(2)在拋物線上是否存在點,使為直角三角形,若存在,直接寫出點坐標;若不存在,請說明理由;

(3)試探究在直線上是否存在一點,使得的周長最小,若存在,求出點的坐標;若不存在,請說明理由.

解:(1)直線軸交于點,與軸交于點

························································································· 1分

都在拋物線上,

  

拋物線的解析式為························································ 3分

頂點······························································································· 4分

(2)存在··············································································································· 5分

············································································································· 7分

············································································································ 9分

(3)存在·············································································································· 10分

理由:

解法一:

延長到點,使,連接交直線于點,則點就是所求的點.

                       ····················································································· 11分

過點于點

點在拋物線上,

中,

,,

中,,

,,··············································· 12分

設直線的解析式為

   解得

································································································ 13分

   解得 

在直線上存在點,使得的周長最小,此時.··· 14分

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