Question

配制一定量的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的溶液，所需溶質(zhì)和溶劑的量．要配制20%的氫氧化鈉溶液300g，需氫氧化鈉和水各多少克？

Answer 1

考點：有關(guān)溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的簡單計算

專題：溶液的組成及溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計算

分析：利用溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)，可根據(jù)溶液的質(zhì)量和溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)計算配制溶液所需要的溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量；再根據(jù)溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量即可求得水的質(zhì)量．

解答：解：配制1000g溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為4%的氫氧化鈉溶液，需要氫氧化鈉的質(zhì)量為300g×20%=60g；溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量，則所需水的質(zhì)量=300g-60g=240g．
答：需要氫氧化鈉的質(zhì)量和水的質(zhì)量分別為60g、240g．

點評：本題難度不大，掌握溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)、溶劑質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量-溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量是正確解答本題的關(guān)鍵．